![]() The HRV indices of PPA integrating the benefits of traditional HRV indices distinguish successfully between different risk levels of MetS and control subjects. Conclusions: We found gradual changes in HRV patterns as lower parasympathetic and higher sympathetic activity alongside the rising number of MetS components. All hemodynamic data were randomly analyzed under the direction of another investigator using hemodynamic analysis software (LabChart Pro, version 7.3.8 ADInstruments, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan). The values of S, SD1, SD2, and SD2/SD1 were significantly correlated with most traditional HRV measures. The severe MetS group had significantly lower S (total HRV), SD1 (short-term HRV), SD2 (long-term HRV), and higher SD2/SD1. Results: Besides the traditional HRV measures, we found that various HRV indices of PPA showed significant differences among the groups. We calculated the Poincaré plot (PP) and traditional HRV measures from a 5 min HRV recording. The MetS risk was assessed in 223 participants based on the number of MetS components and was classified as control (n=64), pre-MetS (n=49), MetS (n=56), and severe MetS (n=54). Methods: We measured anthropometric data and collected fasting blood samples to diagnose MetS. We evaluated the association between the Poincare plot and traditional heart rate variability indices among adults with different risk levels of MetS. ![]() However, no prior studies have examined the relationship between PPA and traditional HRV measures among different risk levels of MetS. ![]() Poincaré plot analysis (PPA) is a robust scatter plot-based depiction of HRV and carries similar information to the traditional HRV measures. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can alter cardiac autonomic modulation, raising the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objectives: Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important marker of cardiac autonomic modulation.
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